Thermae Barbarae
About
The Barbara Baths covered 42,000 square meters, ranking behind only the great imperial baths of Rome itself. Bathers moved between heated halls above a labyrinth of service tunnels tall enough to walk through upright. Construction fell in the second half of the second century, so the complex postdates the 117 CE snapshot. Stone robbers stripped the ruins for centuries until only the substructures survived.
What happened here
The furnaces are lit before dawn and the water is hot by the eighth hour, which is when the town arrives. The circuit is a habit: undress and hand your clothes to an attendant who may or may not be watching them, exercise in the courtyard, sweat in the hot room, scrape the oil and dirt off with a curved bronze strigil, then the warm pool and the cold plunge. Entry costs a coin small enough that almost nobody is priced out, and on a benefactor's birthday it is free. There is food, drink, ball games, gambling, hair-plucking, business and shouting; a writer complaining about the noise from the flat above is complaining about all of it. Men and women bathe at different hours, or in separate wings.
Sources
Nearby
Roman Maps shows the empire frozen at 11 August 117 CE, the day Trajan died — its moment of greatest territorial extent. Explore the full map →